MBS Blog

Although there may be gloating on the part of some Russians regarding the fate of their neighbors in Ukraine, this article from Russia Today (ww.russiatoday.com) does reflect the reality here.

As the Ukrainian government goes begging for loans around the World with the IMF holding  back on the next tranche of a promised loan, the hryvnia experiencing new lows daily, and workers being laid off throughout Ukraine, the “crisis” is certainly getting worse. The political stalemate is adding to the pain.

Workers suffer under deepening economic crisis in Ukraine

The economic crisis in Ukraine is escalating, and while the government is pointing fingers at each other, social unrest is growing as people lose their jobs or remain unpaid for months.

The crisis is most visible in the Ukrainian city of Kherson, where more than a thousand workers at a combine harvester factory have not received any wages since September.

“They were forcing us to retire. But I didn’t. Where else do we have to go? It’s the same thing everywhere,” said one disgruntled factory worker.

The average salary here is around $US 200, which is barely enough to make ends meet as prices in Ukraine are growing rapidly.

Aleksandra Tkachenko works at the factory and says that she lives in the fear that tomorrow she’ll have nothing left to be able to feed her family. Her entire family now lives off the pension of Aleksandra’s husband, which is less than $US 100 a month.

Recently, her husband suffered a brain hemorrhage and the strain is taking its toll.

“You can’t imagine what a life we life. I’ve spent half of the pension on medicine for my husband, but that won’t even last till the end of the month,” says Tkachenko.

The owners of the factory say they can’t pay the salaries because the combine harvesters are not being sold. The situation in Kherson is one of the first explosions of public rage in Ukraine over the current economic crisis. Experts claim work at almost all factories and mines in the country is either suspended or under threat.
 
By spring, unemployment is expected to grow by four times, topping almost four million people. The public outcry to the consequences of the economic crisis that is gripping Ukraine is getting louder, as more workers put down their tools to protest. 

Unemployment in Ukraine is soon expected to hit levels not seen since the fall of the Soviet Union. Public opinion indicates that what people want is for the government to stop the infighting and to give them the helping hand they desperately need. The crisis of trust among the country’s political elite isn’t helping the situation either.

The president and the opposition blame the government of Yulia Timoshenko for failing to tackle the crisis, or find the right ways to spend the billions of dollars loaned from the International Monetary fund.

Timoshenko says the government needs more money and fewer obstacles from both the parliament and the president. Her latest move – a request for more loans, including five billion dollars from Russia – has yet again provoked the wrath of the president.

“President Yushchenko says the step undertaken by the government without his knowledge is unacceptable and has obvious signs of corruption,” says Irina Vannikova from the Ukrainian Presidential Administration.

With the president and his government failing to agree upon ways out of the crisis, the country plunges ever deeper into a recession, leaving millions of people without work, and in the fear that they will soon have nothing to put on the table.

This is the right way to close out 2008!! The most tumultuous year in decades was a turning point for everyone in the wake of a global economic tsunami.  As the tide recedes…the doubters, deniers, dreamers and dogmatists some of whom once thought socialism was the way forward, have begun to pillory the very system that has brought the greatest amount of wealth, prosperity and progress to humankind.  Capitalism..or at least what is referred to describe the current system-if that is possible-is again the enemy. 

On the eve of a new year, Caroline Baum writing on www.bloomberg.com , nails the manifesto-however old and tattered- to the public square of the internet for all to see. In the light of examination and reflection, her thesis stands.

Happy New Year from MBS, Ltd!

Capitalism Is Worst System Except for the Rest

Commentary by Caroline Baum

Dec. 30 (Bloomberg) — The year 2008 will be remembered as one that exposed the fatal flaws in free-market capitalism, sending it to an untimely death.

Or will it?

That capitalism’s obituary is already being written suggests the enemies of the free market were waiting to pounce.

Last week, Arianna Huffington, co-founder of the Huffington Post, wrote that laissez-faire capitalism, “a monumental failure in practice,” should be “as dead as Soviet Communism” as an ideology.

On National Public Radio, Daniel Schorr pronounced “the death of a doctrine” in his year-end review.

All I could think of was Winston Churchill’s assertion about democracy. Capitalism is surely the worst economic system, except for all the others that have been tried.

With its ideology under fire and its practice falsely maligned, it is to the defense of free markets that I devote my final column of the year.

Before you can declare free markets a failure, you have to establish that they exist, says Paul Kasriel, chief economist at the Northern Trust Co. in Chicago.

“We do not have free markets in credit in the U.S. or anywhere else that I know of,” he says. “The price of short- term credit is fixed by central banks. It would only be by accident that a central bank would fix the price of short-term credit” at the precise level that a free market would.

Chosen People

Fixing the price of any other commodity, including labor, has proven to be a failure, an affront to the inviolable invisible hand. Yet when it comes to setting the interest rate that will keep the economy on an even keel, we put our faith in a chosen few to get it right.

All sorts of unintended consequences flow forth from central bankers’ fixing of a short-term rate. Hold the rate too low, and it leads to a misallocation of capital into, say, housing or dot- com stocks. That’s what happened in the late 1990s and again in the early part of this decade.

“We are now experiencing the economic and financial market fallout from (Alan) Greenspan’s interference with the free market,” Kasriel says.

In a true free market, risk-takers are punished for bad bets. Not so in the current crisis, where financial institutions — with the exception of Lehman Brothers — are deemed too big to fail and rescued, merged or recapitalized.

Army of Regulators

One supposed nail in capitalism’s coffin is the assertion that deregulation created the problems. This is curious, given that banks, which are at the root of the credit crunch, are among the most highly regulated institutions.

“There is a small army of people overseeing the banking industry,” says Paul DeRosa, a partner at Mt. Lucas Management Corp. in New York. And yet “we’ve had a banking crisis every 15 years since 1837. The number of people devoted to regulation doesn’t seem to matter.”

Regulators from the Federal Reserve, Securities and Exchange Commission, Office of the Controller of the Currency and New York State Banking Commission are “on the premises 365 days a year,” he says.

The regulatory structure may have been antiquated and overlapping. That’s no excuse for the regulators to be caught napping.

Censuring the free market is a way of deflecting blame from the true source, according to Dan Mitchell, senior fellow at the libertarian Cato Institute in Washington.

Compromised Overseers

“The genesis of the problem is bad government policy,” Mitchell says, pointing to everything from easy money to “affordable lending schemes” to the “corrupt system of subsidies from Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac” to the tax code’s favorable treatment of debt (the interest is deductible) versus equity.

Fannie’s and Freddie’s generous campaign contributions (anywhere else, these would be called bribes) encouraged Congress to look the other way as the two housing finance agencies used their implicit government guarantee to increase their leverage and buy riskier mortgages.

Those clamoring for more regulation as a solution to the current crisis are forgetting that Congress has oversight responsibility for the regulator of those agencies.

“I have no confidence regulation will solve the problem,” says Allan Meltzer, professor of economics at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh. “Lawyers and bureaucrats make regulations. Markets figure out how to circumvent the costly ones.”

Imperfect Like Us

As a case in point, Meltzer pointed to the Basel Accords, which “required banks that hold more risky assets to hold more reserves. So they held them off their balance sheet, where they went from being poorly monitored to not monitored at all.”

Capitalism has spread across the globe, lifting millions out of poverty as “a direct consequence of government stepping out of the way,” DeRosa says.

Yet critics of free-market capitalism are implicitly arguing for a bigger role for government.

Alas, government isn’t some benevolent matriarch acting in the public interest, even if it knew what that was. It is a conglomeration of politicians acting in their own self-interest, guided by payoffs from special-interest groups. That’s a poor substitute for the market’s price signals, not to mention a guarantee of inefficiency and waste.

“Capitalism is the only system that produces both growth and freedom,” Meltzer says. Unlike socialism and communism, “it doesn’t depend on someone’s ideas of perfection.”

Yes, markets are guilty of excess, greed, even corruption.

“We’re not perfect people,” Meltzer says. “Capitalism matches mankind.”

Technorati Tags: 2008, turning point, global economic crisis, capitalism, Anton Olff, socialism, MBS Ltd., Caroline Baum, www.bloomberg.com, free markets, Arianna Huffington, Huffington Pos, Soviet Union, Communism, National Public Radio, Daniel Schorr, Winston Churchill, democracy, ideology, Paul Kasriel, Northern Trust Co., Chicago, central banks, short-term credit, commodity, labor, Alan Greenspan, risk takers, Lehman Brothers, deregulation, credit crunch, banking industry, Paul DeRosa, Mt. Lucas Management Corp., New York, Federal Reserve, Securities and Excahnge Commission, Office of the Controller of the Currency, New York State Banking Commission, Dan Mitchell, Cato Institute, Washington D.C., Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac, debt, equity, Congress, Allan Meltzer, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, lawyers, bureaucrats, Basel Accords, special interest groups, freedom, greed, corruption, mankind

This is the kind of news….that is not really news…at least to someone who does business in emerging markets. Nonetheless, it is good to keep tabs on where bribes need to be paid to get business.

It an ironic way, the authors of this report-Transparency International-have raised the bar not only in emerging markets like Russia, China and Ukraine, but also in the developed economies like the United States. This would apply not only to the financing of political campaigns or the “sale” of Senatorial offices, but specifically to the types of financial instruments that may have been the catalyst for the Global Economic meltdown.

What is needed is greater transparency in the financial services industry. Many investors had been blinded or lulled into a false sense of security by the advice of institutions that have a direct financial stake in keeping information private. Indirectly, these companies were being “bribed” by their clients to give favorable ratings and analysis. As I was reminded during my short time on Wall Street, “when was the last time you heard of an investment bank urging their clients to sell?”

In some ways, emerging markets are more “honest,” as it is assumed that corruption is part of the normal process of doing business. While this doesn’t negate the need for reform, or diminish the fact that corruption is a huge obstacle preventing development in emerging market economies, it also means those with higher standings in the “least corrupt” category need to look at their own institutions more carefully as well.

 From www.ft.com:

Emerging powers’ companies bribe ‘routinely’

By Michael Peel in London

Published: December 9 2008 15:57 | Last updated: December 9 2008 15:57

Chinese, Indian and Russian companies bribe routinely to win overseas contracts, a global survey of executives claimed on Tuesday, highlighting fears that leading emerging economies are undermining international efforts to tackle corruption.

The bribe-payers’ index published by Transparency International, the anti-corruption group, ranks the three nations and Brazil in the bottom five of 22 countries surveyed.

The research highlights how intensifying global competition for natural resources and infrastructure projects threatens a “race to the bottom” between established western multinationals and leading companies from the new financial powers.

Huguette Labelle, Transparency International chair, called on all big exporting countries to join the landmark OECD anti-bribery treaty, which so far has been signed by 38 mainly rich nations.

Ms Labelle said Transparency International’s research “provides evidence that a number of companies from major exporting countries still use bribery to win business abroad, despite awareness of its damaging impact on corporate reputations and ordinary communities.”

The Transparency International index ranked Russia in last place with a score of 5.9 out of 10, with India and China also both scoring below 7.

Belgium and Canada topped the rankings jointly with a score of 8.8, while all the other members of the Group of Seven leading industrialised nations except Italy scored more than 8.

The countries ranked in the index account for about three-quarters of world foreign direct investment outflows and exports of goods and services. The survey – carried out by Gallup International, the polling organisation – is based on the perceptions of 2,742 business executives from 26 countries, including six in Africa, four in Central and South America, and eight in Asia.

The research says the most corrupt sectors among 19 surveyed are construction, real estate, energy, heavy manufacturing and mining, while the cleanest are information technology, fisheries and banking.

Many anti-corruption activists warn that the expansion of companies from emerging economic powers into resource-rich but often poorly governed countries in Africa and elsewhere could prolong and extend a tradition of bribery already established by western multinationals.

The OECD has launched a partnership with the African Development Bank to fight bribery on the continent, while Chinese officials will attend a meeting of the OECD’s anti-bribery working group this week .

Another TI index published in September accused the world’s wealthiest countries of failing to live up to their commitments to fight corruption, highlighting fears that only the US and a few other nations were serious about tackling graft by their businesses.

TI’s surveys are widely seen as useful yardsticks on corruption, although their basis on business executives’ perceptions rather than more objective measures means they are susceptible to individual prejudices.

Funders of the latest index include the German and Norwegian development agencies and Ernst & Young, the international accounting firm.

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Stuart Biddulph, an English teacher from the U.K. living in Ukraine writes:

 And you’re reading blogs to find out what it’s like here? It’s true that Ukraine is a harsh business environment. Corruption is a way of life, not just for official bodies, it’s ingrained in the mentality. But it’s no good complaining about it. There are historical reasons why it is so, it’s just a different system  and you simply have to work within the system. We’re the foreigners here and we can’t impose our ideas on them.

First rule, if you want to do business, find a local person to handle all the difficulties but be prepared to pay to navigate the system. To get anything done, a little incentive will always smooth the path. Accept that. In our society we have rules which on the whole are fair, sensible and consistent. Here the rules change on a whim but at least there is a way to bypass them and get what you want. We can’t do that at home. Ethically it may be unsavoury but that’s the way it is.

 Second rule is don’t assume you or your ideas will be welcomed with open arms. You might think West is Best, but they don’t. And why should they? They have always been told it wasn’t and they have some very good traditions, products and resources of their own. They simply have little concept of western life so you have to sell everything and convince them of the benefits. Don’t assume they understand the concept. Explain every detail and explain why they need to know.

 I’ll give you an example. You may have noticed how poor customer service is here. There are few help lines, few toll-free numbers for example, there’s no free delivery of purchases,  you feel you should be grateful for having the bus or taxi driver allow you to use his transport, they check your bag going in and out of shops and so on, treatment that would make us livid. But what you’ll notice on your first trip is your treatment in the bars and restaurants. Walk into any McDonalds in the world and you’ll find the same happy, attentive service, clean environment, clear menu pricing and rapid delivery.  Everywhere else here, restaurant staff have this amazing way of looking at you but seeing right though you at the same time, you’ll rarely get a smile or acknowledgement. We believe the customer is always right and we know it makes good business sense. They don’t. You can’t argue that you’re paying their wages so they should be more customer-focused. They think the boss pays their wages. They don’t wonder who pays the boss to pay them and that treating you well might actually secure their jobs and wages. They have their own problems to worry about. They think, if you don’t like it, go somewhere else. I’ve even had that response from the boss! So if, for instance, you’re thinking of starting a customer service training company, there’s great potential but you have to sell the idea and gear your courses to their mentality and perceptions, explain why they need it and how by making customer satisfaction a priority from the door through the kitchen and the table and out again will benefit staff, management and directors. You’re actually going to have to work much harder than you did in your home environment where pretty much everyone knows and plays by the same rules.

Third rule, don’t come in all bullish and assume your idea is going to work. Anticipate all the problems you might encounter and plan for them. Don’t ever rest on your laurels. Don’t boast about what you’re going to do. Just say, this is what I’d like to do, what I’m going to try to do but we’ll see. That’s not cynicism, it’s realism and a slice of humility. Otherwise, you’ll have one disappointment after another. Remain positive and focused but take off those rose-tinted glasses please! They can see you coming a mile off and they’re past masters at bullshit. They may seem impressed but they have their own agenda and they’ll exploit your weaknesses. So stay alert. Welcome to the real world!

We have all heard the “war stories.”  Sit at any pub, club, bar or cafe in Ukraine where ex-pats congregate, and the topic of conversation will eventually turn to the difficulty in getting things done here.  The inevitable comparsions between how easy things are accomplished in the United States, the U.K. compared with Ukraine begets the question: “why are you here then?”

Of course, we know the reasons.  We are here to make  money, and lots of it.

Here is the attraction: excellent geographic location between Europe and Russia, a developing market with a population the size of France,  rising incomes, burgeoning consumer demand, and a seemingly less anti-business regulatory and tax environment than the mature economies of the United States and Western Europe.

That all sounds great. So why is so difficult? Why do businessmen, particularly foreign businessmen feel like they are pioneers or as one American real estate developer said to me, “like one of those characters in the HBO TV series Deadwood.”  Yes indeed!! Here are the top reasons, in no particular order.

1. Corruption- you always pay…and then pay some more…and everyone has their hand out.
2. The Government- or should we say, lack thereof. The rules change on a daily basis.
3. Business Culture- not exactly Western, not exactly Soviet. The customer is wrong!!!
4. Work Ethic- more for less…work that is. I get my salary whether I do a good job or bad job.
5. Bureaucracy- you always need one more paper or permit…but the office is closed today.
6. Transparency- you always find out afterwards. Information is seldom volunteered.
7. Punctuality- are you kidding? Ukrainians rarely show up on time for meetings.
8. Contract Negotiation- signed, sealed, delivered…and then undone. Just when you think you are ready to move forward, the contract needs to be renegotiated. Of course, you are the one who must “negotiate.”
9. Visibility- you want to be noticed. You want your product and services to be recognized …but you have to be discreet too.
10. Bias- not xenophobia on the part of Ukrainians which can certainly be a factor, but more importantly the bias of foreigners. Ukraine is not, and may never be an easy place to conduct business. Hard to accept. Even harder to deal with, but a fact unlikely to change.

Anton Olff

Technorati Tags: Asia, Bias, Bureaucracy, Business Culture, Contract Negotiation, corruption, Europe, France, mature economies, Punctuality, Russia, Soviet, tax environment, The Government, Transparency, U.K., ukraine, United States, Visibility, Western Europe, Work Ethic